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Steel Making

Refining The Grain
This is remedied by reheating the piece to a temperature slig...

Connecting Rods
The material used for all connecting rods on the Liberty engi...

Nickel
Nickel may be considered as the toughest among the non-rare a...

Application To The Automotive Industry
The information given on the various parts of the Liberty eng...

Calibration Of Pyrometer With Common Salt
An easy and convenient method for standardization and one whi...

Annealing Method
Forgings which are too hard to machine are put in pots with ...

Ebbw Vale And The Bessemer Process
After his British Association address in August 1856, Besseme...

Short Method Of Treatment
In the new method, the packed pots are run into the case-har...

Uses Of The Various Tempers Of Carbon Tool Steel
DIE TEMPER.--No. 3: All kinds of dies for deep stamping, pres...

Brown Automatic Signaling Pyrometer
In large heat-treating plants it has been customary to mainta...

Annealing Work
With the exception of several of the higher types of alloy s...

Lathe And Planer Tools
FORGING.--Gently warm the steel to remove any chill, is parti...

Pickling The Forgings
The forgings were then pickled in a hot solution of either ni...

Quenching Tool Steel
To secure proper hardness, the cooling of quenching of steel ...

Heat-treating Department
The heat-treating department occupies an L-shaped building. ...

Oil-hardening Steel
Heat slowly and uniformly to 1,450 deg.F. and forge thorough...

Quality And Structure
The quality of high-speed steel is dependent to a very great ...

Cyanide Bath For Tool Steels
All high-carbon tool steels are heated in a cyanide bath. Wi...

Hints For Tool Steel Users
Do not hesitate to ask for information from the maker as to t...

Steel Can Be Worked Cold
As noted above, steel can be worked cold, as in the case of ...



Placing Of Pyrometers






Category: PYROMETRY AND PYROMETERS

When installing a pyrometer, care should be
taken that it reaches directly to the point desired to be measured,
that the cold junction is kept cold, and that the wires leading to
the recording instrument are kept in good shape. The length of
these lead wires have an effect; the longer they are, the lower
the apparent temperature.

When pyrometers placed in a number of furnaces are connected up
in series, and a multiple switch is used for control, it becomes
apparent that pyrometers could not be interchanged between furnaces
near and far from the instrument without affecting the uniformity
of product from each furnace.

Calibration can best be done without disturbing the working pyrometer,
by inserting the master instrument into each furnace separately, place
it alongside the hot junction of the working pyrometer, and compare
the reading given on the indicator connected with the multiple
switch.

Protection tubes should be replaced when cracked, as it is important
that no foreign substance is allowed to freeze in the tube, so
that the enclosed junction becomes a part of a solid mass joined
in electrical contact with the outside protecting tube. Wires over
the furnaces must be carefully inspected from time to time, as no
true reading can be had on an instrument, if insulation is burned
off and short circuits result.

If the standard calibrating instrument used contains a dry battery,
it should be examined from time to time to be sure it is in good
condition.





Next: The Leeds And Northrup Potentiometer System
Previous: Complete Calibration Of Pyrometers




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