| Purchase the cheaper kind of small prunes sold at 4d. per lb.; put them into a saucepan with a pint of water, a bit of lemon-peel, and two ounces of sugar, and allow them to simmer and stew very gently for about half an hour, and then let them ... Read more of Stewed Prunes Or Pruens at Home Made Cookies.ca |  InformationalPrivacy |
Steel MakingA Satisfactory Luting MixtureA mixture of fireclay and sand will be found very satisfactor... Liberty Motor Connecting Rods The requirements for materials for the Liberty motor connecti... Piston Pin The piston pin on an aviation engine must possess maximum res... Silicon SILICON is a very widespread element (symbol Si), being an es... Heat Treatment Of Steel Heat treatment consists in heating and cooling metal at defin... The Influence Of Size The size of the piece influences the physical properties obta... Critical Points One of the most important means of investigating the properti... Nickel Nickel may be considered as the toughest among the non-rare a... A Chromium-cobalt Steel The Latrobe Steel Company make a high-speed steel without tun... Using Illuminating Gas The choice of a carburizing furnace depends greatly on the fa... Compensating Leads By the use of compensating leads, formed of the same materia... Gears The material used for all gears on the Liberty engine was sel... Pickling The Forgings The forgings were then pickled in a hot solution of either ni... Crankshaft The crankshaft was the most highly stressed part of the entir... Annealing In Bone Steel and cast iron may both be annealed in granulated bone. ... Heating Although it is possible to work steels cold, to an extent de... Properties Of Steel Steels are known by certain tests. Early tests were more or l... Making Steel Balls Steel balls are made from rods or coils according to size, st... High Speed Steel For centuries the secret art of making tool steel was handed ... Tool Or Crucible Steel Crucible steel can be annealed either in muffled furnace or b... |
Open Hearth ProcessCategory: STEEL MAKING The open hearth furnace consists of a big brick room with a low arched roof. It is charged with pig iron and scrap through doors in the side walls. Through openings at one end of the furnace come hot air and gas, which burn in the furnace, producing sufficient heat to melt the charge and refine it of its impurities. Lime and other nonmetallic substances are put in the furnace. These melt, forming a slag which floats on the metal and aids materially in the refining operations. In the bessemer process air is forced through the metal. In the open-hearth furnace the metal is protected from the flaming gases by a slag covering. Therefore it is reasonable to suppose that the final product will not contain so much gas. A diagram of a modern regenerative furnace is shown in Fig. 3. Air and gas enter the hearth through chambers loosely packed with hot fire brick, burn, and exit to the chimney through another pair of chambers, giving to them some of the heat which would otherwise waste. The direction is reversed about every twenty minutes by changing the position of the dampers. Next: Crucible Steel Previous: Bessemer Process
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