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Steel MakingQuenching The WorkIn some operations case-hardened work is quenched from the bo... Annealing Alloy Steel The term alloy steel, from the steel maker's point of view, r... Leeds And Northrup Optical Pyrometer The principles of this very popular method of measuring tempe... Shrinking And Enlarging Work Steel can be shrunk or enlarged by proper heating and cooling... Hardening Carbon Steel For Tools For years the toolmaker had full sway in regard to make of st... Silicon Silicon prevents, to a large extent, defects such as gas bubb... Pyrometry And Pyrometers A knowledge of the fundamental principles of pyrometry, or th... Correction For Cold-junction Errors The voltage generated by a thermo-couple of an electric pyrom... Temperatures To Use As soon as the temperature of the steel reaches 100 deg.C. (... Placing Of Pyrometers When installing a pyrometer, care should be taken that it re... High-carbon Machinery Steel The carbon content of this steel is above 30 points and is ha... Making Steel Balls Steel balls are made from rods or coils according to size, st... Annealing Of High-speed Steel For annealing high-speed steel, some makers recommend using g... Hardening The forgings can be hardened by cooling in still air or quen... The Modern Hardening Room A hardening room of today means a very different place from ... Carburizing By Gas The process of carburizing by gas, briefly mentioned on page ... Molybdenum Molybdenum steels have been made commercially for twenty-five... Gears The material used for all gears on the Liberty engine was sel... Impact Tests Impact tests are of considerable importance as an indication ... Annealing To Relieve Internal Stresses Work quenched from a high temperature and not afterward tempe... |
Leeds And Northrup Optical PyrometerCategory: PYROMETRY AND PYROMETERS The principles of this very popular method of measuring temperature are sketched in Fig. 123. The instrument is light and portable, and can be sighted as easily as an opera glass. The telescope, which is held in the hand, weighs only 25 oz.; and the case containing the battery, rheostat and milliammeter, which is slung from the shoulder, only 10 lb. A large surface to sight at is not required. So long as the image formed by the objective is broader than the lamp filament, the temperature can be measured accurately. recorder.] Distance does not matter, as the brightness of the image formed by the lens is practically constant, regardless of the distance of the instrument from the hot object. The manipulation is simple and rapid, consisting merely in the turning of a knurled knob. The setting is made with great precision, due to the rapid change in light intensity with change in temperature and to the sensitiveness of the eye to differences of light intensity. In the region of temperatures used for hardening steel, for example, different observers using the instrument will agree within 3 deg.C. Only brightness, not color, of light is matched, as light of only one color reaches the eye. Color blindness, therefore, is no hindrance to the use of this method. The use of the instrument is shown in Fig. 127. Next: Optical System And Electrical Circuit Of The Leeds & Northrup Optical Pyrometer Previous: Placing The Thermo-couples
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