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Steel Making

William Kelly's Air-boiling Process
An account of Bessemer's address to the British Association w...

The Packing Department
In Fig. 56 is shown the packing pots where the work is packe...

Carburizing Low-carbon Sleeves
Low-carbon sleeves are carburized and pushed on malleable-ir...

A Chromium-cobalt Steel
The Latrobe Steel Company make a high-speed steel without tun...

Heat Treatment Of Lathe Planer And Similar Tools
FIRE.--For these tools a good fire is one made of hard foundr...

Annealing Of High-speed Steel
For annealing high-speed steel, some makers recommend using g...

Steel Worked In Austenitic State
As a general rule steel should be worked when it is in the a...

Fatigue Tests
It has been known for fifty years that a beam or rod would fa...

The Penetration Of Carbon
Carburized mild steel is used to a great extent in the manufa...

Shrinking And Enlarging Work
Steel can be shrunk or enlarged by proper heating and cooling...

Properties Of Steel
Steels are known by certain tests. Early tests were more or l...

Plant For Forging Rifle Barrels
The forging of rifle barrels in large quantities and heat-tre...

Compensating Leads
By the use of compensating leads, formed of the same materia...

Steel Can Be Worked Cold
As noted above, steel can be worked cold, as in the case of ...

Phosphorus
PHOSPHORUS is an element (symbol P) which enters the metal fr...

Take Time For Hardening
Uneven heating and poor quenching has caused loss of many ve...

Rate Of Cooling
At the option of the manufacturer, the above treatment of gea...

Corrosion
This steel like any other steel when distorted by cold worki...

High Speed Steel
For centuries the secret art of making tool steel was handed ...

Composition And Properties Of Steel
It is a remarkable fact that one can look through a dozen tex...



Properties Of Alloy Steels






Category: ALLOYS AND THEIR EFFECT UPON STEEL

The following table shows the percentages of carbon, manganese,
nickel, chromium and vanadium in typical steel alloys for engineering
purposes. It also gives the elastic limit, tensile strength, elongation
and reduction of area of the various alloys, all being given the same
heat treatment with a drawing temperature of 1,100 deg.F. (600 deg.C.). The
specimens were one inch rounds machined after heat treatment.

Tungsten is not shown in the table because it is seldom used in
engineering construction steels and then usually in combination
with chromium. Tungsten is used principally for the magnets of
magnetos, to some extent in the manufacture of hacksaws, and for
special tool steels.

TABLE I.--PROPERTIES OF ALLOY STEELS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Manganese,/ Chromium,/ ElasticTensile ElongationReduction
Carbon, per /Nickel, per /Vanadium,limit, Strength,in 2 in., of area,
per cent per cent per cent lb. perlb. per per cent per cent
cent cent sq. in.sq. in.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
0.27 0.55 49,000 80,000 30 65
0.27 0.47 0.26 66,000 98,000 25 52
0.36 0.42 58,000 90,000 27 60
0.34 0.87 0.13 82,500 103,000 22 57
0.45 0.50 65,000 96,000 22 52
0.43 0.60 0.32 96,000 122,000 21 52
0.47 0.90 0.15 102,000 127,500 23 58
0.30 0.60 3.40 75,000 105,000 25 67
0.33 0.63 3.60 0.25 118,000 142,000 17 57
0.30 0.49 3.60 1.70 119,000 149,500 21 60
0.25 0.47 3.47 1.60 0.15 139,000 170,000 18 53
0.25 0.50 2.00 1.00 102,000 124,000 25 70
0.38 0.30 2.08 1.16 120,000 134,000 20 57
0.42 0.22 2.14 1.27 0.26 145,000 161,500 16 53
0.36 0.61 1.46 0.64 117,600 132,500 16 58
0.36 0.50 1.30 0.75 0.16 140,000 157,500 17 54
0.30 0.50 0.80 90,000 105,000 20 50
0.23 0.58 0.82 0.17 106,000 124,000 21 66
0.26 0.48 0.92 0.20 112,000 137,000 20 61
0.35 0.64 1.03 0.22 132,500 149,500 16 54
0.50 0.92 1.02 0.20 170,000 186,000 15 45
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