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   Home - Steel Making - Categories - Manufacturing and the Economy of Machinery

Steel Making

Heat-treating Equipment And Methods For Mass Production
The heat-treating department of the Brown-Lipe-Chapin Company...

Pyrometers For Molten Metal
Pyrometers for molten metal are connected to portable thermoc...

Hardening
Steel is hardened by quenching from above the upper critical....

Detrimental Elements
Sulphur and phosphorus are two elements known to be detrimen...

Chrome-nickel Steel
Forging heat of chrome-nickel steel depends very largely on ...

Hints For Tool Steel Users
Do not hesitate to ask for information from the maker as to t...

Annealing
ANNEALING can be done by heating to temperatures ranging from...

Optical System And Electrical Circuit Of The Leeds & Northrup Optical Pyrometer
For extremely high temperature, the optical pyrometer is lar...

Using Illuminating Gas
The choice of a carburizing furnace depends greatly on the fa...

Alloying Elements
Commercial steels of even the simplest types are therefore p...

The Quenching Tank
The quenching tank is an important feature of apparatus in c...

Effects Of Proper Annealing
Proper annealing of low-carbon steels causes a complete solu...

Separating The Work From The Compound
During the pulling of the heat, the pots are dumped upon a ca...

Properties Of Steel
Steels are known by certain tests. Early tests were more or l...

The Packing Department
In Fig. 56 is shown the packing pots where the work is packe...

Critical Points
One of the most important means of investigating the properti...

The Effect Of Tempering On Water-quenched Gages
The following information has been supplied by Automatic and ...

Lathe And Planer Tools
FORGING.--Gently warm the steel to remove any chill, is parti...

Quenching The Work
In some operations case-hardened work is quenched from the bo...

Annealing In Bone
Steel and cast iron may both be annealed in granulated bone. ...



Properties Of Steel






Category: COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF STEEL

Steels are known by certain tests. Early tests were more or less
crude, and depended upon the ability of the workman to judge the
grain exhibited by a freshly broken piece of steel. The cold-bend
test was also very useful--a small bar was bent flat upon itself,
and the stretched fibers examined for any sign of break. Harder
stiff steels were supported at the ends and the amount of central
load they would support before fracture, or the amount of permanent
set they would acquire at a given load noted. Files were also used
to test the hardness of very hard steel.

These tests are still used to a considerable extent, especially in
works where the progress of an operation can be kept under close
watch in this way, the product being periodically examined by more
precise methods. The chief furnace-man, or melter, in a steel
plant, judges the course of the refining process by casting small
test ingots from time to time, breaking them and examining the
fracture. Cutlery manufacturers use the bend test to judge the
temper of blades. File testing of case-hardened parts is very common.

However there is need of standardized methods which depend less
upon the individual skill of the operator, and which will yield
results comparable to others made by different men at different
places and on different steels. Hence has grown up the art of testing
materials.





Next: Tensile Properties
Previous: Alloying Elements


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