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Steel MakingAnnealing Of High-speed SteelFor annealing high-speed steel, some makers recommend using g... Carburizing Material The simplest carburizing substance is charcoal. It is also th... Oil-hardening Steel Heat slowly and uniformly to 1,450 deg.F. and forge thorough... Heat Treatment Of Punches And Dies Shears Taps Etc HEATING.--The degree to which tools of the above classes shou... Placing The Thermo-couples The following illustrations from the Taylor Instrument Compan... Silicon Silicon prevents, to a large extent, defects such as gas bubb... Mushet And Bessemer That Mushet was "used" by Ebbw Vale against Bessemer is, perh... The Pyrometer And Its Use In the heat treatment of steel, it has become absolutely nece... Composition Of Transmission-gear Steel If the nickel content of this steel is eliminated, and the pe... Surface Carburizing Carburizing, commonly called case-hardening, is the art of pr... The Theory Of Tempering Steel that has been hardened is generally harder and more br... Preparing Parts For Local Case-hardening At the works of the Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company, ... Carbon Steels For Different Tools All users of tool steels should carefully study the different... Annealing ANNEALING can be done by heating to temperatures ranging from... Quenching It is considered good practice to quench alloy steels from th... The Forging Of Steel So much depends upon the forging of steel that this operation... Nickel Nickel may be considered as the toughest among the non-rare a... Leeds And Northrup Optical Pyrometer The principles of this very popular method of measuring tempe... Highly Stressed Parts The highly stressed parts on the Liberty engine consisted of ... Care In Annealing Not only will benefits in machining be found by careful anne... |
Take Time For HardeningCategory: HARDENING CARBON STEEL FOR TOOLS Uneven heating and poor quenching has caused loss of many very valuable dies, and it certainly seems that when a firm spends from $75 to $450 in cutting a die that a few hours could be spared for proper hardening. But the usual feeling is that a tool must be hurried as soon as the hardener gets it, and if a burst die is the result from either uneven or overheated steel and quenching same without judgment, the steel gets the blame. Give the steel a chance to heat properly, mix a little common sense with your 30 years experience on the other fellows steel. Remember that high-carbon steel hardens at a lower heat than low-carbon steel, and quench when at the right heat in the two above ways, and 99 per cent of the trouble will vanish. When a die flies to pieces in quenching, don't rush to the superintendent with a poor-steel story, but find out first why it broke so that the salesman who sold it will not be able to harden piece after piece from the same bar satisfactorily. If you find a cold short, commonly called a pipe, you can lay the blame on the steelmaker. If it is a case of overheating and quenching when too hot, you will find a coarse grain with many bright spots like crystals to the hardening depth. If uneven heating is the cause, you will find a wider margin of hardening depth on one side than on the other, or find the coarse grain from over-heating on one side while on the other you will find a close grain, which may be just right. If you find any other faults than a pipe, or are not able to harden deep enough, then take the blame like a man and send for information. The different steel salesmen are good fellows and most of them know a thing or two about their own business. For much work a cooling bath at from 50 to 75 deg.F. is very good both for small hobs, dies, cutter plates or plungers. Some work will harden best in a barrel of brine, but in running cold water, splendid results will be obtained. Cutter plates should always be dipped corner first and if any have stripper holes, they should first be plugged with asbestos or fire clay cement. In general it may be said that the best hardening temperature for carbon steel is the lowest temperature at which it will harden properly. Next: Carbon In Tool Steel Previous: The Modern Hardening Room
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