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   Home - Steel Making - Categories - Manufacturing and the Economy of Machinery

Steel Making

High Speed Steel
For centuries the secret art of making tool steel was handed ...

For Milling Cutters And Formed Tools
FORGING.--Forge as before.--ANNEALING.--Place the steel in a ...

Placing Of Pyrometers
When installing a pyrometer, care should be taken that it re...

Classifications Of Steel
Among makers and sellers, carbon tool-steels are classed by g...

The Leeds And Northrup Potentiometer System
The potentiometer pyrometer system is both flexible and subst...

Critical Points
One of the most important means of investigating the properti...

Corrosion
This steel like any other steel when distorted by cold worki...

Rate Of Cooling
At the option of the manufacturer, the above treatment of gea...

Heating
Although it is possible to work steels cold, to an extent de...

Preventing Cracks In Hardening
The blacksmith in the small shop, where equipment is usually ...

Temperature For Annealing
Theoretically, annealing should be accomplished at a tempera...

High-carbon Machinery Steel
The carbon content of this steel is above 30 points and is ha...

An Automatic Temperature Control Pyrometer
Automatic temperature control instruments are similar to the ...

The Electric Process
The fourth method of manufacturing steel is by the electric f...

Detrimental Elements
Sulphur and phosphorus are two elements known to be detrimen...

Hardness Testing
The word hardness is used to express various properties of me...

Pyrometers For Molten Metal
Pyrometers for molten metal are connected to portable thermoc...

Ebbw Vale And The Bessemer Process
After his British Association address in August 1856, Besseme...

Properties Of Steel
Steels are known by certain tests. Early tests were more or l...

Double Annealing
Water annealing consists in heating the piece, allowing it to...



Annealing Method






Category: HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL

Forgings which are too hard to machine are put
in pots with a little charcoal to cause a reducing atmosphere and
to prevent scale. The covers are then luted on and the pots placed
in the furnace. Carbon steel from 15 to 25 points is annealed at
1,600 deg.F. Nickel steel of the same carbon and containing in addition
3-1/2 per cent nickel is annealed at 1,450 deg.F. When the pots are
heated through, they are rolled to the yard and allowed to cool.
This method of annealing gives the best hardness for quick machining.

The requirements in the machine operations are very rigid and, in
spite of great care and probably the finest equipment of special
machines in the world, a small percentage of the product fails
to pass inspection during or at the completion of the machine
operations. These pieces, however, are not a loss, for they play
an important part in the hardening process, indicating as they do
the exact depth of penetration of the carburizing material and
the condition of both case and core.





Next: Heat-treating Department
Previous: Heat-treating Equipment And Methods For Mass Production




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