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Steel MakingInstructions For Working High-speed SteelOwing to the wide variations in the composition of high-speed... S A E Heat Treatments The Society of Automotive Engineers have adopted certain heat... Preventing Carburizing By Copper-plating Copper-plating has been found effective and must have a thick... Carbon In Tool Steel Carbon tool steel, or tool steel as it is commonly called, us... Carbon Steels For Different Tools All users of tool steels should carefully study the different... Silicon SILICON is a very widespread element (symbol Si), being an es... Hardening Steel is hardened by quenching from above the upper critical.... Crucible Steel Crucible steel is still made by melting material in a clay or... Blending The Compound Essentially, this consists of the sturdy, power-driven separa... Highly Stressed Parts The highly stressed parts on the Liberty engine consisted of ... Impact Tests Impact tests are of considerable importance as an indication ... Temperatures To Use As soon as the temperature of the steel reaches 100 deg.C. (... Uses Of The Various Tempers Of Carbon Tool Steel DIE TEMPER.--No. 3: All kinds of dies for deep stamping, pres... Mushet And Bessemer That Mushet was "used" by Ebbw Vale against Bessemer is, perh... Hardening High-speed Steel In forging use coke for fuel in the forge. Heat steel slowly ... Pickling The Forgings The forgings were then pickled in a hot solution of either ni... Making Steel Balls Steel balls are made from rods or coils according to size, st... Phosphorus PHOSPHORUS is an element (symbol P) which enters the metal fr... Correction By Zero Adjustment Many pyrometers are supplied with a zero adjuster, by means ... Rate Of Absorption According to Guillet, the absorption of carbon is favored by ... |
HeatingCategory: THE FORGING OF STEEL Although it is possible to work steels cold, to an extent depending upon their ductility, and although such operations are commonly performed, forging usually means working heated steel. Heating is therefore a vital part of the process. Heating should be done slowly in a soaking heat. A soft lazy flame with excess carbon is necessary to avoid burning the corners of the bar or billet, and heavily scaling the surface. If the temperature is not raised slowly, the outer part of the metal may be at welding heat while the inner part is several hundred degrees colder and comparatively hard and brittle. The above refers to muffle furnaces. If the heating is done in a small blacksmith's forge, the fire should be kept clean, and remade at intervals of about two hours. Ashes and cinders should be cleaned from the center down to the tuyere and oily waste and wood used to start a new fire. As this kindles a layer of coke from the old fire is put on top, and another layer of green coal (screened and dampened blacksmiths' coal) as a cover. When the green coal on top has been coked the fire is ready for use. As the fuel burns out in the center, the coke forming around the edge is pushed inward, and its place taken by more green coal. Thus the fire is made up of three parts; the center where coke is burning and the iron heating; a zone where coke is forming, and the outside bank of green coal. Next: Steel Worked In Austenitic State Previous: The Forging Of Steel
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